Summary - 3

Key point in this week:
1. When a medium is new, it is often used to simulate old media.
2. New media do not replace old media, they displace them.
3. People make media and then media make people.

First, people make media and then media make people. We have to think about that sentence. Well, already could be understand people make media, we know the technology is developing rapidly each day and also media is developing everyday together. But here, we doubt how media can make a people. It’s too difficult set limit to media, the media has a large extent contents. But easily, UCC could be good example for that. And usually we contact the issue in the internet and we believe with some articles.
Then professor mentioned some information about Tim Berners-Lee who invented World Wide Web. He is also the director of the World Wide Web Consortium or W3C.

And also we talked about
• International Standards Organization (ISO)?
• The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)?
• Request For Comments (RFC)?

Second, main topic in this week is WWW. We are using internet in everyday, but few years ago we didn’t know the internet is exist. So, the internet had popularized in a short time. Why? Because everyone knows the internet is useful and not difficult for users. “The World Wide Web is a system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet. With a web browser, a user views web page that may contain text, images, videos, and other multimedia and navigates between them uses hyperlinks.” In this definition we can find some words we learned last week, like hypertext, hyperlink, etc. And other answer of WWW is:
1. a collaboratively authored hypertext.
2. it is standard
3. the www is a vast, heterogeneous network of people and machines

Many people in the world using internet in this time, and they or we are making page, uploading some files, in this way we are collaborating and creating the internet. And the WWW is a big; also exist various types of network, and people and machines.

Third, we learned some basic elemental of internet.
URI: universal resource identifier
URI is a compact string of characters used to identify or name a resource. The main purpose of this identification is to enable interaction with representations of the resource over a network, typically the World Wide Web, using specific protocols. URI are defined in schemes defining a specific syntax and associated protocols. For example, url (ssu name) - locator, urn (persistent location: declare) - name
html: hypertext markup language, is the predominant markup language for web pages. HTML is written in the form of tags,
http: the Hypertext Transfer Protocol provides a standard for Web browsers and servers to communicate. A definition of http is a technical specification of a network protocol that software must implement.

Finally, we saw some net artists, Lisa Jevbratt and Mark Napier. For my self, I interest the shredder who invented Mark Napier. I try to enter a web address in the location field at the top of Shredder, or choose from one of two dozen URLS, and the Shredder literally deconstructs the original site, slicing and dicing its text, imagery, and source code to form abstract compositions.

Summary - 2

Hypertext
Hypertext was the main topic of class in this week. I read a lecture about Ted Nelson and Engelbart who was brilliant works in area computer science. Many people know them for inventor of hypertext, ‘mouse’, basic of window, etc. They were greatly influenced by the ideas of Vannevar Bush who wrote the article (As we may think) we read last week. Well, Ted Nelson mentioned “'hypertext’ mean nonsequential writing, text that branches and allows choice to reader, best read at an interactive screen.

Before taking up the main subject, in the class we discussed what does a ‘digital media’ mean? Everyday we say digital media, but when we ask them what is digital media? Actually many people cannot answer it. Generally, digital media is like digital audio, digital video and other digital "content" (cellphones, compact disc, internet, video games, WWW, etc) can be created, referred to and classify by way of digital information processing machines. Digital media represents a profound change from analog media.

After that, we saw an advertisement of Nike. They show one mini-tv who keeps on speaking, and that exist and can see any place in the world. Then, final scene came out one basketball shoes. The meaning of this advertisement is that shoes is composed all technology. Also, we watched many videos; it looks like very complex and contained abstraction. I think they sublimated a technology in art.

Then two key points was: 1. When a medium is new, it is often used to simulate old media. 2. New media do not replace old media, they displace them.

Ok, return to the subject, we focused on a hypertext and Engelbart. Ted Nelson made plan of ‘the xanadu model’. The main idea of project Xanadu was a network system that would store and index all of the world's private information. So Hypertext is text which is not constrained to be linear. Hypertext is text which contains links to other texts.
And now, we have to talk about one great scientist. Douglas Engelbart changed the way computers worked, from special machine that only scientist could use, to a user-friendly tool that almost anyone can use. He invented to several interactive, user-friendly devices: mouse, windows, hypermedia, groupware, email, word processor, the Internet and more. We can find a motivation in a lecture augmenting human intellect. “Man’s population and gross product are increasing at a considerable rate, but the complexity of his problems grows still faster, and the urgency with which solutions must be found becomes steadily greater” Engelbart wanted to use technology to augment human intellect.

Finally, we suppose the computer when we’re using in this day, which was an idea of these scientists. The idea became a reality, who knows that the idea could be reality. So! we must be creative. We have to think a different way, different method.

Summary

Before the class, we read the lecture Sandy Stone's “Welcome to the present” Frankly speaking; I couldn’t understand whole information about that. But one word I can remember, ‘reality’. The development of technology, it’s too difficult classification with reality and virtual. The author mentioned some examples with movies. Like Jurassic Park and Star Wars. On the screen show the real world, but exactly it is not real.

First class, the professor mentioned about the two key points. When digital media technologies connect or separate people, they become media. So, what is media? What is connect or separate. I didn’t understand about that sentence. But, I could comprehend partly, when we talked for the example about car. The car can be connecting with many things, for example, the car connects with movement, speed, accident and other things uncounted. Furthermore, in this time, the car connects to the level of personal fortune. It is not simple thing, so, I think the objective when we invented a car was spare a person trouble. And then, this thing will separate to people who have money and no money. Then, we talked about computer technology and the two building blocks of computers (switch and connectors).
Second class, we talked about the “As we may think” by Vannevar Bush. The author is one of the scientists we have to know. So, his academic achievements have been recognized. The first part of his lecture, he mentioned about how is developing technology in this time. Many people are working and studying to improve human being and many things was invented. And also, the quantity of information is increasing more and more. But he wanted change and break the method to searching and finding information. And he thought up the “memex”. The memex is the device electronically linked to a library and could be display books and films from the library and automatically follow cross-references from one work to another. The memex has influenced the development of hypertext and intellect increase computer systems, but his idea ‘memex’ could not realize. But we can understand concept of memex in the web, the link is very similar to ‘memex’.

Finally, we have to think about the consequence and how affect technology to human being. This subject would be helping me in various ways. And I learned very important point with these two classes. The thing is “thinking different.” So we have to break a fixed idea and need a creative mind.

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